Mediterranean Diet with Olive Oil May Prevent Breast Cancer Relapse

Summary

Diet is a sig­nif­i­cant fac­tor in both the ini­ti­a­tion and pre­ven­tion of breast can­cer, with pre­lim­i­nary results show­ing that fol­low­ing a Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk of can­cer recur­rence. A study of post­menopausal women found that a Mediterranean diet sup­ple­mented with extra vir­gin olive oil sig­nif­i­cantly reduced the risk of inva­sive breast can­cer, sug­gest­ing that dietary inter­ven­tions may play a cru­cial role in can­cer pre­ven­tion and recov­ery.

Though not the only risk fac­tor, accord­ing to researchers, diet is one of the main fac­tors pro­vok­ing the ini­ti­a­tion of can­cer, includ­ing breast can­cer. New pre­lim­i­nary results now shows diet could also pre­vent breast can­cer relapse.

Though the full paper has not yet been released. Preliminary results from a case-con­trol study, pub­lished in the Annals of Oncology, included 307 women diag­nosed with breast can­cer and taken for treat­ment at the Department of Oncology-hema­tol­ogy, Hospital of Piacenza (Italy). Following treat­ment of breast can­cer, par­tic­i­pants were given the choice to fol­low their nor­mal diets, or accept addi­tional dietary advice to reduce their risk of breast can­cer relapse.
See Also:Olive Oil and Women’s Health
The two dietary inter­ven­tions were there­fore, a nor­mal diet or a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). The MedDiet con­sisted of high intake of fruit (3 pieces day), veg­eta­bles (4 serves day), fish (4 or more serv­ings per week), whole grains (one serve day), and the inclu­sion of gen­er­ous amounts of extra vir­gin olive oil. The women were also able to con­sume one alco­holic bev­er­age per day. The nor­mal diet con­sisted of what­ever par­tic­i­pants had been eat­ing, with the addi­tion of advice on healthy eat­ing from a dietit­ian. There were 199 par­tic­i­pants in the nor­mal diet group and 108 in the MedDiet group.

An in-depth blood sam­ple was col­lected from par­tic­i­pants to assess glu­cose, cho­les­terol, var­i­ous vit­a­mins, min­er­als and hor­mones, inflam­ma­tory mark­ers, and metabo­lites. They were required to com­plete qual­ity of life and phys­i­cal activ­ity ques­tion­naires.

The results after the pre­lim­i­nary fol­low-up of 3 years show that the MedDiet has reduced the risk of can­cer recur­rence. In the nor­mal diet group, a total of 11 par­tic­i­pants relapsed, while in the MedDiet group there was zero relapse or recur­rence observed. Due to the results from blood test vit­a­min lev­els show­ing higher lev­els of B‑carotene and pro-vit­a­min A in par­tic­i­pants fol­low­ing the MedDiet, researchers have been very curi­ous about the impact these results could sug­gest, that diet does, in fact, have a great influ­ence on can­cer acti­va­tion and reac­ti­va­tion.

Such results are not lim­ited to these new pre­lim­i­nary results, as a study recently pub­lished in JAMA Internal Medicine, based on evi­dence con­ducted within the frame­work of the Predimed trial, looked at 4,282 post­menopausal women with three dif­fer­ent dietary inter­ven­tions and found the risk of inva­sive breast can­cer was reduced by 68 per­cent in those that con­sumed a MedDiet sup­ple­mented with EVOO, while there were no such effects for a MedDiet with nuts or a low-fat diet. This study estab­lished that the ben­e­fits were attrib­uted to increasedex­tra vir­gin olive oil intake, each addi­tional 5 per­cent of calo­ries con­sumed fromex­tra vir­gin olive oil reduc­ing the risk of inva­sive breast can­cer by approx­i­mately 28 per­cent.

Though it’s too early to draw any firm con­clu­sions at this stage, the pre­lim­i­nary evi­dence has raised the ques­tion on exactly what dietary advice should be rec­om­mended to peo­ple with can­cer, or more impor­tantly, those recov­er­ing from can­cer. Longer stud­ies that include more par­tic­i­pants will now be needed to con­firm these results.

• Annals of Oncology


• The Guardian


• JAMA Internal Medicine